Graczyk, D.J., Walker, J. F., Horwatich, J. A., Bannerman, R. T. 2003. Effects of Best-Management Practices in the Black Earth Creek Priority Watershed, Wisconsin, 1984-98. Water Resources Investigations Report 03-4163. USGS, Reston, VA.

The Wisconsin Department of natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey began a comprehensive, multidisciplinary evaluation-monitoring program in 1989 to assess the effectiveness of the Wisconsin Nonpoint Source Program. Hydrologic and water-quality data were collected at Brewery and Garfoot Creeks in 1984 and 1985 (pre-best-management practices (BMPs) period) and 1997 and 1998 (post-BMP period). In rural areas, best-management practices may include conservation tillage, contour strip-cropping, streambank protection, and various barnyard-runoff controls. Water-quality samples were collected during base flow and storms.