Coles, J. F., McMahon, G., Bell, A. H., Brown, L. R., Fitzpatrick, F. A., Scudder Eikenberry, B. C. 2012. Effects of Urban Development on Stream Ecosystems in Nine Metropolitan Study Areas Across the United States. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1373. United States Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

Assessment, Habitat, Streams, Urban, Urbanization, Water quality, Aquatic community, Aquatic ecosystems

This report describes an assessment of the impacts of urban development on various characteristics of aquatic communities in streams in nine metropolitan areas in the United States. It aims to identify how the effects of urbanization vary on a regional level, and which stressors most negatively affect aquatic life.