Haake, D. M., Knouft, J. H. 2019. Comparison of Contributions to Chloride in Urban Stormwater from Winter Brine and Rock Salt Application. Environmental Science & Technology. American Chemical Society. Volume 53. Pages 11888-11895

Best management practice, Maintenance, Road salt, Stormwater, Urban, Water quality, Roads, Residential, BMPs, Chloride, Local government, De-icing, Anti-icing, Winter maintenance

This study evaluated the effects of brining as a winter maintenance best practice to reduce salt use and minimize chloride loads in urban runoff to receiving waters. The study monitored chloride concentrations in stormwater runoff in residential areas in six (6) cities within St. Louis County, Missouri (U.S.) over two (2) winter seasons.